Why Encrypt SOAP messages?

The main purpose of SOAP is to exchange messages over HTTP. For communication it uses XML. The messages exchanged if done in plain text can be potentially viewed by anyone across the internet. SOAP over HTTPS is secured. The entire HTTP message, including both the headers and the body of the HTTP message is encrypted using public asymmetric encryption algorithms. 

What do you mean by SOAP encoding?

A SOAP message has no default encoding. Hence, in order to define data types used in the document encodingStyle attribute is used. It can appear in any SOAP element.

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