Specification for SQL Server 2008,R2 and 2012

The following tables specify the maximum sizes and numbers of various objects defined in SQL Server 2012 components, and compared against the maximum sizes and number of various objects defined in SQL Server 2008 and SQL Server 2008 R2 components.
Database Engine Objects
The following table specifies the maximum sizes and number of various objects defined in SQL Server databases or referenced in Transact-SQL statements.
Maximum Sizes / Numbers SQL Server (32-bit)
SQL Server Database Engine ObjectSQL Server 2008SQL Server 2008 R2SQL Server 2012
Batch size65,536 * Network Packet Size65,536 * Network Packet Size65,536 * Network Packet Size
Bytes per short string column8,0008,0008,000
Bytes per GROUP BY ORDER BY8,0608,0608,060
Bytes per index key900900900
Bytes per foreign key900900900
Bytes per primary key900900900
Bytes per row8,0608,0608,060
Bytes in source text of a stored procedure.Lesser of batch size or 250 MBLesser of batch size or 250 MBLesser of batch size or 250 MB
Bytes per VARCHAR(MAX), VARBINARY(MAX),XML, TEXT, or IMAGE column2^31-12^31-12^31-1
Characters per NTEXT or NVARCHAR(MAX) column2^30-12^30-12^30-1
Clustered indexes per table111
Columns in GROUP BY, ORDER BYLimited only by number of bytesLimited only by number of bytesLimited only by number of bytes
Columns or expressions in a GROUP BY WITH CUBE or WITH ROLLUP statement101010
Columns per index key161616
Columns per foreign key161616
Columns per primary key161616
Columns per nonwide table1,0241,0241,024
Columns per wide table30,00030,00030,000
Columns per SELECT statement4,0964,0964,096
Columns per INSERT statement4,0964,0964,096
Connections per clientMaximum value of configured connectionsMaximum value of configured connectionsMaximum value of configured connections
Database size524,272 terabytes524,272 terabytes524,272 terabytes
Databases per instance of SQL Server32,76732,76732,767
Filegroups per database32,76732,76732,767
Files per database32,76732,76732,767
File size (data)16 terabytes16 terabytes16 terabytes
File size (log)2 terabytes2 terabytes2 terabytes
Foreign key table references per table253253253
Identifier length (in characters)128128128
Instances per computer50 instances on a stand-alone server for all SQL Server editions.50 instances on a stand-alone server for all SQL Server editions.50 instances on a stand-alone server for all SQL Server editions.
Length of a string containing SQL statements (batch size)65,536 * Network packet size65,536 * Network packet size65,536 * Network packet size
Locks per connectionMaximum locks per serverMaximum locks per serverMaximum locks per server
Locks per instance of SQL ServerUp to 2,147,483,647Up to 2,147,483,647Up to 2,147,483,647
Nested stored procedure levels323232
Nested subqueries323232
Nested trigger levels323232
Nonclustered indexes per table999999999
Number of distinct expressions in the GROUP BY clause when any of the following are present: CUBE, ROLLUP, GROUPING SETS, WITH CUBE, WITH ROLLUP323232
Number of grouping sets generated by operators in the GROUP BY clause4,0964,0964,096
Parameters per stored procedure2,1002,1002,100
Parameters per user-defined function2,1002,1002,100
REFERENCES per table253253253
Rows per tableLimited by available storageLimited by available storageLimited by available storage
Tables per databaseLimited by number of objects in a databaseLimited by number of objects in a databaseLimited by number of objects in a database
Partitions per partitioned table or index1,0001,00015,000
Statistics on non-indexed columns30,00030,00030,000
Tables per SELECT statementLimited only by available resourcesLimited only by available resourcesLimited only by available resources
Triggers per tableLimited by number of objects in a database.Limited by number of objects in a database.Limited by number of objects in a database.
Columns per UPDATE statement (Wide Tables)4,0964,0964,096
User connections32,76732,76732,767
XML Indexes249249249
SQL Server Utility Objects
The following table specifies the maximum sizes and number of various objects that were tested in the SQL Server Utility.
Maximum Sizes / Numbers SQL Server (32-bit)
SQL Server Utility ObjectSQL Server 2008SQL Server 2008 R2SQL Server 2012
Computers (physical computers or virtual machines) per SQL Server Utility100100100
Instances of SQL Server per computer555
Total number of instances of SQL Server per SQL Server Utility200200200
User databases per instance of SQL Server, including data-tier applications505050
Total number of user databases per SQL Server Utility1,0001,0001,000
File groups per database111
Data files per file group111
Log files per database111
Volumes per computer333
SQL Server Data-Tier Application Objects
The following table specifies the maximum sizes and number of various objects that were tested in the SQL Server data-tier applications (DAC).
Maximum Sizes / Numbers SQL Server (32-bit)
SQL Server DAC ObjectSQL Server 2008SQL Server 2008 R2SQL Server 2012
Databases per DAC111
Objects per DACLimited by the number of objects in a database, or available memory.Limited by the number of objects in a database, or available memory.Limited by the number of objects in a database, or available memory.
SQL Server Replication Objects
The following table specifies the maximum sizes and number of various objects defined in SQL Server Replication.
Maximum Sizes / Numbers SQL Server (32-bit)
SQL Server Replication ObjectSQL Server 2008SQL Server 2008 R2SQL Server 2012
Articles (merge publication)256256256
Articles (snapshot or transactional publication)32,76732,76732,767
Columns in a table (merge publication)246246246
Columns in a table (SQL Server snapshot or transactional publication)1,0001,0001,000
Columns in a table (Oracle snapshot or transactional publication)995995995
Bytes for a column used in a row filter (merge publication)1,0241,0241,024
Bytes for a column used in a row filter (snapshot or transactional publication)8,0008,0008,000

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